THOMAS BIERSTEKER is Gasteyger Professor of International Security and Director for Policy Research at the Graduate Institute, Geneva. He previously taught at Yale University, the University of Southern California, and Brown University. Author/editor of ten books and principal developer of SanctionsApp, his research focuses primarily on international relations theory, multilateral governance, and international sanctions. He received his Ph.D. and M.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his B.A. from the University of Chicago.