BSc in Economics, University of California, Los Angeles; PhD in Economics, University of Illinois. Economist and banker. Until 1975, with the World Bank. 1975-2000, Professor of Economics, University of Costa Rica. 1977-78, Vice-Minister of Finance. 1979, Founder, Banco Interfin; until 2006, CEO, when the bank was acquired by the Bank of Nova Scotia; until 2009, CEO, Scotiabank Costa Rica, and Chairman, Scotiabank El Salvador. Since 2009, active in politics. Since 2010, Vice-President of Costa Rica. Former Member of the Board of Directors: Compañía Nacional de Fuerza y Luz; Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad; Grupo La Nación. Former Chairman of the Board: Costa Rican Bankers Association; Bolsa Nacional de Valores, the national securities exchange.