1972-81, General Office, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, China; 1981-86, Second Secretary, Chinese Embassy, Kenya; 1986-90, Director, Department of African Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 1990-93, Counsellor, Chinese Embassy, Ethiopia; 1993-95, Deputy Director-General, Department of African Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 1995-98, Ambassador to Zimbabwe; 1998-2001, Director-General, Department of African Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 2001-07, Ambassador to South Africa; 2007-11, Special Representative of the Chinese Government for African affairs; since 2011, current position.