PhD in Labour Law, Warsaw University. Before 1989, Democratic Opposition Leader; held several posts in the Solidarity leadership and was Chairman Lech Walesa's associate; participated in roundtable talks; 1990-91, during Second Solidarity Congress, was elected First Deputy Chairman, Solidarity's National Committee; 1989-91, Senator; 1991-93, Sejm Deputy; 1991-92, Chairman, Sejm administration and Internal Affairs Committee; 1991, Minister of State in charge of security in the President's Office; 1992-95, Chairman, Central Auditing Office (NIK); 2000-01, Minister of Justice and Attorney-General in Jerzy Buzek's Cabinet; 2001, Chairman, Law and Justice, National Committee; Chairman, Law and Justice Party (PiS), transformed from the National Committee; 2002, Mayor of the City of Warsaw; since 2005, current position.