1982, BSc in International Economics, Elliot School of International Affairs, George Washington University. Since 1983, with Merrill Lynch; various positions including Head, Global Debt Transactions Group; Head, US High Grade Syndicate Group; Executive Director, London Syndicate Group; Head, Global Debt Issuer Client Group; Senior Vice-President and Head, Client Strategies, Global Debt Markets; 2002, Head, Global Client Strategies and President, Merrill Lynch International.