PhD, Stanford University, US. Formerly: Structural Engineer, Bylander Meinhardt Partnership; Parliamentary Secretary and Senior Parliamentary Secretary, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology. Since 1997, Member of Parliament for the Jalan Besar Group, Kolam Ayer; 2001, Mayor of Central Singapore District; 2001, Minister of State for Community Development and Sports; 2002, Acting Minister and Minister-In-Charge of Muslim Affairs; 2003, Minister for Community Development and Sports; since 2004, current position; concurrently, Associate Professor, National University of Singapore. Chairman, Yayasan Mendaki. Vice-Chairman, Central Executive Committee, People's Action Party.