Graduate, Harvard College and New York University School of Medicine; studies in Neurobiology, NIH and in Psychiatry, Harvard. University Professor, Columbia University; Kavli Professor; Co-Director, Mind Brain Behavior Initiative; Senior Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Research focuses on the molecular mechanisms of memory storage in Aplysia and mice. Recipient of awards: Lasker Award; Heineken Award of the Netherlands; Gairdner Award of Canada; Harvey Prize and Wolf Prize of Israel; National Medal of Science, US; Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (2000).