Brazilian Academy of Sciences (Academia Brasileira de Ciências, ABC) is a non-profit, non-governmental honorary scientific society founded in 1916 and based in Rio de Janeiro. Modelled after the French Academy of Sciences, it promotes scientific excellence, supports research development and advises Brazil on science, technology and innovation policy. The Academy fosters international collaboration and interdisciplinary exchange across ten scientific sections, publishes the peer-reviewed Anais da ABC, and coordinates studies on national priorities such as environment, health and education. ABC has played a pivotal role in shaping Brazil’s scientific institutions and advancing global cooperation in science.