PhD in Business Administration, Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Master's degree, Department of Management Engineering, Zhejiang University. Director-General, Posts and Telecommunications Bureau, Hangzhou City; Deputy Director-General, Posts and Telecommunications Administration, Zhejiang Province; Director-General, Department of Planning and Construction, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications; Director-General, Department of Planning, Ministry of Information Industry; Executive Vice-President, China Unicom; Chairman and President, China Unicom. Currently: Chairman and Chief Executive, China Mobile Limited.