Studies at Sorbonne Univ., Paris; 1978, degree in Accounting, University of Indonesia. Formerly, with PricewaterhouseCoopers, Citibank, Jan Darmadi Group and Niaga Finance, Hong Kong. 1998, Executive VP, Finance, Garuda Indonesia, played major role in airline's 2001 financial restructuring, which amounted to US$ 1.8 billion, and instrumental in helping it avoid bankruptcy; 2003-05, Deputy CEO, Bank Danamon. Since 2005, current positions. Former: Chairman, Indonesian Nat'l Air Carrier Association; Member, Board of Governors, Int'l Air Transport Association. Vice-Chairman, Int'l Economic Cooperation, Indonesian Chamber of Commerce, resp. for developing cooperation with other int'l trade associations and institutions.